A True Angler’s Paradise
Fishing on northern Canada’s remotest rivers is a unique and thrilling experience – one that every angler, novice to expert, should try at least once.
With pristine waters flowing against breathtaking backdrops, this is wilderness fishing at its finest. The fish are typically more aggressive, owing to the harsh environments they have adapted to survive. With variety and challenge on every cast, fishing in the North is a rewarding experience for seasoned and beginner anglers alike.
Why Fishing in Canada’s North is Unique
Picture yourself standing under the midnight sun casting a lure or fly into a small eddy, watching the flash of grayling, one after another, line up to snack on your presentation. Without the crowds and competition of more southerly regions, the solitude and beauty of these regions will leave you with an experience you won’t forget.
The species here – Dolly Varden, Arctic Char and Grayling Guru to name a few – are unique to the North and not only offer an exciting challenge but also novel delicacies discover.
Unique Species
The North’s untouched waterways are vibrant ecosystems, teeming with aquatic life. The rich biodiversity found here is like nowhere else, making Arctic fishing an exhilterating prospect. Here are a few keys speices you may encounter:
- Grayling: Known for their stunning appearance and aggressive strikes, grayling are a favorite for fly fishers.
- Dolly Varden: These colorful fish are a prized catch and provide a challenge for anglers.
- Arctic Char: A beautiful and hard-fighting fish, char are often found in the colder waters of northern rivers.
- Lake Trout: Known for their size and strength, lake trout offer a rewarding challenge for expert anglers.
- Northern Pike: These toothy predators are abundant in northern waters and provide exciting action for tackle anglers.
- Inconnu: Also known as sheefish, this unique species is a true northern catch and a great sport fish.
Fly and Tackle Fishing in the North
The Arctic offers some of the most exhilarating fishing experiences in the world. Fly fishing enthusiasts will find plenty of opportunities to target grayling and char, while tackle anglers can enjoy battling pike, trout, and salmon.
Here’s what you need to know to make the most of your fishing adventure:
Essential Fishing Gear for Northern Canada
To maximize your chances of success, it’s important to bring the right gear. Here are a few essential tips:
- Compact and Travel-Friendly Gear: Since you’ll be traveling to remote locations, opt for compact, travel-sized tackle and gear. Collapsible rods are highly recommended as they are easy to pack and less likely to break.
- Rods and Reels: For smaller species like grayling, Dolly Varden, and lake trout, a lightweight spinning rod or 4-6 weight fly rod will work well. For larger species like northern pike and inconnu, use mid-weight spinning gear or a 7-8 weight fly rod.
- Leaders and Lines: Northern pike have sharp teeth, so it’s essential to use a steel leader to prevent your line from snapping.
Lures and Flies for Northern Species
Selecting the right lures and flies can make all the difference when fishing in northern Canada. Here are a few recommendations based on the species you’re targeting:
- Grayling: Grayling are known for taking dry flies on the riffles of streams. Try the Red Tag, Royal Coachman, or Klinkhammer patterns. Bead-head nymphs and smaller woolly buggers also work well.
- Dolly Varden & Arctic Char: These fish are attracted to smaller lures like Mepps, spinners, or spoons. Try flies that resemble small minnows or insects.
- Northern Pike: Pike love to lurk in cover or around weed beds. Use large surface patterns that resemble small mice, frogs, or muskrats. Larger spoons and spinners also work well.
- Salmon: Salmon are attracted to lures like pixies or anything resembling eggs. Try flies with silver flashes to grab their attention.
- Lake Trout: These fish tend to hang near the bottom. Lures that dive deep, like jigs or deep-diving spoons, are ideal.
Grayling Guru
Here’s some information from our Grayling Guru Rod Taylor!
- Use a #5 a #4 or # 3 rod, reel and line combination. the smaller the number the more exciting the fight!
- In general Grayling are voracious fish so no need to over think your fly selection.
- That said, Grayling tend to be either hitting bright colours or dark/drab colours depending on the day.
- Dry fly fishing is the most fun as a Grayling hitting a dry fly is an exciting moment.
- If you could only bring one fly bring a “Black Gnat” dry fly in an #8, #10, #12 and #14 size. In general Grayling will hit flies that are much larger the you would likely think possible and in general, larger flies entice larger Grayling.
- After that a selection of drab and colourful flies in those sizes will work well. Some specific names that are known to work well – Royal Coachman, Elk hair caddis, Parachute Adams, pretty much any high-floating, caddis or mayfly initiation.
- For wet fly fishing, try a gold-ribbed Hare’s ear, a San Juan worm or any colourful or drab/dark beaded nymph.
- For spin casting, any small spinner such as a Mepps or a Panther martin will usually elicit a strike as will any shiny (including red) small spoons.
Thanks for the information Rod!
Fish Species by river
Nahanni River
Species
Arctic grayling, bull trout, lake trout, northern pike, whitefish.
Bull Trout – not Dolly Varden (192KB PDF)
License
Parks Canada $34.65.
Regulations (341KB PDF)
Mountain River
Species
Arctic grayling, lake trout, northern pike
License
NWT – $20 for resident Canadians and $40 for non resident aliens
Wind River
Species
Arctic grayling, inconnu
License
Yukon
Snake River
Species
Arctic grayling, inconnu
License
Yukon
Burnside River
Species
lake trout, Arctic grayling, and landlocked Arctic char
License
Nunavut – $20 for resident Canadians and $40 for non resident aliens
Coppermine River
Species
Pike, Trout, Arctic Grayling, Arctic char below the Fairy River confluence
License
Nunavut – $20 for resident Canadians and $40 for non resident aliens
Firth River
Species
dolly varden, char
Firth River Fishing (802KB PDF)
License
Parks Canada $34.65
Horton River
Species
Arctic grayling and lake trout
License
NWT – $20 for resident Canadians and $40 for non resident aliens
Then River
Species
Arctic grayling, lake trout, northern pike
License
NWT – $20 for resident Canadians and $40 for non resident aliens
Tatshenshini River
Species
sockeye, chinook, coho, chum & pink salmon, dolly varden, slimy sculpin
(heavy glacial silt load – no sportfishing season)
Alsek River
Species
sockeye, chinook, coho, chum & pink salmon, dolly varden, slimy sculpin
(Only below Turnback Canyon, although recent surveys indicate a few may be making it through Turnback. Heavy glacial silt load – fishing not recommended. No salmon season.)
Stikine River
Species
sockeye, chinook, coho, chum & pink salmon, dolly varden, slimy sculpin
Taku River
Species
sockeye, chinook, coho, chum & pink salmon, dolly varden, slimy sculpin
Soper River
Species
There are some land-locked char in the “upland lakes” according to the guidebook, but they have tapeworm cysts. Yum. And Soper LAKE has Greenland, Atlantic and Arctic cod.
No sport fishing on the Soper
Where to purchase your license
- (Firth, Horton Rivers) – Parks Canada (your guides will help you)
- (Burnside, Thelon, Coppermine Rivers) Yellowknife
– Wolverine Sports Stanton Plaza 100 Borden Dr. (867) 873 – 4350 - (Nahanni River) Fort Simpson – Nahanni National Park Office
- (Wind, Snake, Stikine Rivers) Whitehorse
– Canadian Tire, 18 Chilkoot Way, Whitehorse
Catch-and-Release Guidelines
We strongly encourage “catch and release”. A small number of fish may be kept for a meal if you wish. Tight lines!
These guidelines provide basic information on the most beneficial catch-and-release methods for most small- to medium-sized freshwater and marine fish:
- If you plan to fish with artificial lures, such as plugs and spoons, consider replacing treble hooks with single hooks. Single hooks are quicker and easier to remove, especially when dealing with such predatory fish as bluefish and northern pike. Consider pinching the barb on your hooks, since this will make releasing the fish much easier.
- Plan your release strategy. Decide whether to keep or release any fish prior to angling or at least before removing the fish from the water. Familiarize yourself with any regulations in effect for the species targeted, and gather any items that will facilitate handling and releasing the fish.
- When a fish is hooked, use a steady, deliberate retrieval technique. This can reduce the amount of stress a hooked fish undergoes when pulled up from the depths too quickly, or when physically exhausted from an overly slow retrieve.
- Once you have decided on releasing the fish, avoid netting or even removing it from the water if possible. Use needle-nosed pliers to pry the hook from the fish while it is still in the water. Fish that can be lifted by the leader – the short length of line used to attach the end of the fishing line to the lure or hook – can easily be released over the rail using a “dehooker.” These devices, whether homemade or purchased, are gaining in popularity in the bluefish industry – to avoid the fish’s nasty teeth – and are useful for releasing a number of other species. A dehooker may simply be a metal rod with a handle at one end and a small upturned hook at the other end. If live bait or a lure is deeply embedded in the fish’s gullet, cut the leader close to the fish’s mouth and let the fish keep the hook. Studies have shown that fish can get rid of the hook up to 120 days later.
- When landing the fish, it is important to minimize out-of-water time and any fish contact with surrounding surfaces or objects.
- Avoid using landing nets if possible. If a landing net must be used, one with a neoprene bag rather than natural twine should be used. Neoprene removes less of the fish’s mucous coat.
- Do not use a gaff!
- Keep hands moistened. This helps prevent removal of the fish’s natural protective mucous layer, and reduces the chance of subsequent infections in the fish’s skin.
- Minimize handling, particularly of the gills and soft underbelly. Gently prevent the fish from battering itself on surrounding hard surfaces.
- Return the fish to the water headfirst. In most cases, it is best to point the fish’s head straight down and allow the fish to plunge down into the water.
Sources:
Klauber, A. 1992. Catch & Release. In: Nor’easter: Magazine of the Northeast Sea Grant Programs. Fall/Winter 1992.
Malchoff, M.H., M.P. Voiland, and D.B. MacNeill. 1992. Guidelines to Increase Survival of Recreational Sport Fish. Cornell Cooperative Extension Fact Sheet.
